Below is a list of content warnings that are relatively often seen on fedi. There are also some more obscure ones, as this is meant to be a fairly comprahensive list. If there are any missing that you know of, please do feel free to contribute!
pol
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Politics
The post is about something political. This tag isn't very specific so it's usually a good idea to use one of the other tags below.
XXpol
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[country] Politics
The post is about current politics in a particular country. The letters at the beginning of the tag are usually the particular country code. i.e. 'uspol': USA politics; 'ukpol': UK politics; 'depol': German politics. Note that the country code of Norway is `no`, so `nopol` is actually about politics in Norway (not "not about politics").
abspol
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Abstract Politics
The post is about anything that isn't related to the politics of a particular country or any kind of current affairs. A general remark about capitalism is the sort of thing to expect.
meta
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The post is about things currently happening on fedi. Often this can be political, triggering, or repetitive. Usually combined with another CW or what meta is referenced. It can also be in reference the company 'Meta', but those posts would be better off tagged with 'Facebook', for ambiguity's sake.
fediblock
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The post is about blocking a particular instance, usually because of some harmful posts on it, meaning that the post will probably contain some kind of warn-able content, such would warrent the instance being called out.
subpost
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The post is relating so another post on the platform, but does not directly link to it, meaning the reader may be missing some essential context.
birdsite
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Twitter
The post is about Twitter or something happening on Twitter. Denizens of the fediverse do not like to refer to the devil by his name.
re: ...
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Reply: ...
The post is a reply to a different post which has that content warning. Several fedi clients provide the option to automatically prepend this when replying to a post with a content warning.
mfm
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Misskey-Flavoured Markdown
The post uses 'Misskey-Flavoured Markdown", A variation of markdown that included several tags for styling emoji and the like in a way that is not particularly readable to somebody on a client that cannot understand MFM.
nsfw
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Not Safe For Work
A generic tag for any innapropriate content. Usually used in the lewd sense, as people posting gore should have enough sense to be specific about it, and not trick poor innocent people simply looking for lewd photos.
lewd
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The post contains some kind of sexual content. Often the tag is used for lightly innapropriate content, whereas 'nsfw' is used for overtly sexual stuff.
gore / graphic
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The post contains mention of or images of injuries, blood, or otherwise overtly 'medical' imagery that may make a people uncomfortable.
mh
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Mental Health
The post is about somebodies mental health. For example, the poster may be opening up about struggles with depression, sharing their progress in overcoming anxiety, or just commenting on a general lowered mood they've been feeling.
ph
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Physical Health
The post is about somebodies physical health, such as talking about a medical condition they have, or sharing achievements in their health, like losing weight, or exercising more.
mutual aid
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The poster, or someone related to the poster, is in a difficult life situation, such as having found themself recently homeless, and is requesting support of some kind, usually financial.
yearning
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The poster is expressing a vague kind of desire, usually for a romantic relationship, and usually gay.
+
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Positive
The post is about something positive. 'mh+' may mean the poster's mental health is improving, whereas 'ukpol+' may mean the British government finally managed to do something good.
-
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Negative
The post is about something negative. 'ph-' indiactes the post is about someone's declining physical health, and 'uspol-' means that USA politics is continuing as usual.
/ or ~
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Mixed or Unsure tone
The tone of the message is uncertain. It could be interpretted positively or negatively, or it is simply neutral.
?
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Unsure if tag applies
The poster is unsure whether or not the tag is necessary or applies to the post, for example 'mh+?' means that the post is about mental health, and the poster thinks it may be a good thing, but is unsure.
ish
- Somewhat
-ish
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The tag applies but not to a great extent. It may be ambiguous or the content may only lightly talk about the CWd topic. (just like normal english usage of the '-ish' suffix)
-poi
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-ish
Same as the '-ish' suffix. Originating from Japanese.
/XX
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Tone Indicator
A tone indocator. They are used to convery the intended tone of a post. They are usually appended to the end of a message but are sometimes included in the content warning instead. Specific tone indicators are explained in the Tone Indicators section.
s
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Sarcastic
The post is intended to be sarcastic.
j
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Joke
The post is a joke and should not be taken seriously.
hj
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Half Joking
The post is halfway a joke, but has some element of seriousness to it. The /hj tag is often considered unhelpful as it's used in a handful of ambiguous ways, so it's generally better to avoid it and be more clear in your intentions.
srs
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Serious
The post should be taken seriously
nsrs
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Non-Serious
Under no circumstances should the post be taken seriously.
lh
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Lighthearted
The post may come across in an overly mean, agressive and/or serious manner, but it should not be taken as such.
selfie
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The post contains a selfie. It's extremely common to cover selfies with a content warning, although I'm not entirely sure why, so if you do know, please do let me know!
ec
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Eye Contact
Usually used in addition with the 'selfie' tag, this tag indicated that the image contains somebody making eye-contact with the camera. This is tagged because some people, particularly autistic people, struggle with eye contact and the images would cause discomfort.
ecchi
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The content of the image is NSFW or close to it. See the NSFW tag above.
no alt text
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The image doesn't contain any 'alt text' (The caption with the image that describes it). Alt text is very important for visually-impared people, people using a screen-reader, people with slow internet, and people who just like having the caption, so unlike most other social media platforms, failing to provide alt text on an image without the warning is generally frowned upon.
what
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The post is very unusual, out-of-nowhere, or generally makes little sense to the average reader, which may lead to them expression confusion, showing symptoms such as exclaiming 'what?'.
???
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Usually a more extreme version of the 'what' tag. The post is a shitpost, or barely comprehensible, merely a stream of thought piped directly into a keyboard.
oh
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Overheard
The poster has overheard somebody saying something, and has decided to quote it, usually without context. Alternatively, this tag can be used to post something and pretend somebody else said it, so that you don't feel as ashamed when nobody finds it funny.
ooc
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Out of Context
The poster is quoting someone / something, but omitting the context of the quote, usually for comedic effect.
sh
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Self Harm
The post references self harm.
sa
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Sexual Assault
The post contains mentions of sexual assault.
csa
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Child Sexual Assault
The post contains mentions of sexual assault specifically targetting minors.
sui
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Suicide
The post references suicide. Unfortunately there doesn't appear to be a common distinction between mentions of suicide and mentions of someone actually commiting suicide.
alc
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Alcohol
The post mentions alcohol. This tag isn't too commonly used, but is a good idea to add, particularly so people that are against alcohol, or recovering addicts, can filter out the posts.
food
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The post contains mentions of and/or images of food. This are covered as they can be triggering for people with eating disorders.
ment: ...
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Mentions: ...
Anything that someone considers may be upsetting about the post may sometimes be put in a 'ment: ...' tag to indicate the post contains references to it, but is not directly about it. For example 'ment: self harm' or 'ment: sh' may be used when a post mentions self harm, but not in a specific manner, or simply in passing.